71.The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era, when Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his "whiz kids" became famous for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps, doing things like improving fuel-transport times

and scheduling more-efficient bombing raids.

主干识别：The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era

其他成分：when Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his "whiz kids" became famous定语从句主干

for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps, 定语从句中的状语

状语

翻译点拨： 词汇点拨：

注意对pendulum的理解：

The pendulum has swung back and the American car companies have made dramatic advances in safety...

三十年河东，三十年河西，美国汽车公司在安全方面已经取得了巨大进步。

The political pendulum has swung in favour of the liberals.

政治形势转而对自由主义者有利。

72.The political pendulum in American politics swung away from the right, putting an end to the12- year Republican Revolution on Capitol Hill and delivering a sharp rebuke of President Bush and the Iraq war.

美国政坛的政治钟摆从右派转向，一举结束共和党在国会山庄的十二年革命，并对布希总统和伊拉克战争发出强烈的怒吼。

grad 毕业生

whiz kids 天才学生

mathematical modeling 数学模型

game theory 博弈论

statistical analysis 数据分析

Army Air Corps 陆军航空队

fuel-transport 加油

bombing raids 空袭

成分点拨：

The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era

情况在战后开始改变

再单独翻译定语从句：

73.Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his "whiz kids" became famous for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps,

哈佛商学院的毕业生 Robert McNamara和那些天才学生一起因为使用数学模型，博弈论和复杂的数据分析来为陆军航空队做事而名噪一时，

最后翻状语：

doing things like improving fuel-transport times and scheduling more-efficient bombing raids.

翻译是省略doing things like，直接翻为：他们减少加油的时间并且安排出更有效的空袭。

参考译文： 情况在战后开始改变， 哈佛商学院的毕业生 Robert McNamara和那些天才学生一起因为使用数学模型，博弈论和复杂的数据分析来为陆军航空队 做事而名噪一时，他们减少了加油所需要的时间并且安排出更有效的空袭。

74.In fact, circumstances seem to be designedto bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then weare unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .

主干识别：并列句主干一：circumstancesseem to be designed to bring out the best in us.

并列句主干二：we are unlikely to begin aconscious effort to escape from our situation.

其他成分：并列句二：ifwe feel that we have been “wronged” 状语

翻译点拨：这个句子的结构不复杂主要是在转换为中文的时候有一定的困难。

词汇的点拨：

bring out唤起，引起，激发

the best 直接翻译为最好的，但是可以接受的是：力量，能量，正能量;

have been 完成时态可以翻译为“总”

wronged 动词: 不公平对待;

begin a conscious effort to 自觉地做…

escape from our situation 改变境遇，处境

参考译文：实际上，环境似乎就是为了去唤起我们内心的力量，并且如果我们总感觉到不公平，那么我们不太可能可以用自觉的力量去改变境遇

75.The Environmental Revolution will be judged by whether it can shift the world economy into an environmentally sustainable development path, one that leads to greater economic security, healthier lifestyles, and a worldwide improvement in the human condition.

主干识别：The Environmental Revolution will be judged

其他成分： by whether it can shift the world economy into an environmentally sustainable development path, 状语

one that leads to greater economic security, healthier lifestyles, and a worldwide improvement in the human condition.

名词 path的同位语

翻译点拨：这个句子虽然长，但是不难翻译，只是注意主句的翻译：

The Environmental Revolution will be judged

直接翻译：环境革命被...评判

被动转为主动就可以转译为：

判断(评价)环境革命的标准是...

记住增词不增意。2+1=2

对同位语单独成句即可。

参考译文：评价环境革命的标准就是看它能否使世界经济转变到在环境上可持续发展的道路上，这条路能使经济有更大保障、生活方式更加健康、全球人类生活状况普遍改善。