2013考研英语语法重难点精解:动名词
一、动名词的时态(Tense)
以动词do为例:
主动 被动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 从上述表格可以看出,动名词和现在分词的时态完全相同,而非谓语动词之间的区别主要是用法上的区别。动名词和现在分词形式相同,用法却大相径庭,动名词一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词的动作几乎同时发生,而动名词的完成式则表示动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发生。
例句: Mr. Jankin regretted blaming his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.(regretted与blaming所表示动作几乎同时发生)
分析: 该句是复合句。动名词blaming在句中作宾语,it was his own fault是discovered的宾语从句。
译文: 坚金先生后悔责怪秘书了,因为他后来发现是自己的过错。
例句: ——Did you find out who had stolen my watch?
——That child didnt admit having done that.(having done所表示动作在动词admit 前已经发生)
分析: 前一分句是一复合句,who had stolen my watch作find out的宾语,后一分句是一简单句。
译文: ——你查出是谁把我的手表盗走了吗?
——那个孩子不承认是他干的。
例句: I appreciated having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.(having been given所表示动作在谓语动词appreciated之前已发生)