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2016年考研英语常用的前缀

考研英语  时间: 2019-03-08 17:04:33  作者: 匿名 
 aero:concerning the air or aircraft

plane(飞机)—aeroplane(飞机)

space(空间,间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙)

anti: against;opposite of

nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的)

matter(物质)—antimatter(反物质)

war(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar(反战的,反对战争的)

auto: of or by oneself

biography(传记)—autobiography(自传)

criticism(批评,批判)—autocriticism(自我反省,自我检讨)

be:to treat as the stated thing

friend(朋友,助手)—befriend(待人如友,帮助)

little(很少的,矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视,使渺小,使……显得渺小)

bi: two;twice;double

lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的)

cycle(自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车,自行车)

bio:concerning living things

chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学)

sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈)

by—:less important

product(产品,产物,)—by-product(副产品,附加产物)

way(路,道路)—byway(小道)

centi: hundredth part

grade(等级)—centigrade(分为百度的,百分度的,摄氏温度的)

meter(米)—centimeter(厘米)

co: together, with

author(作家,创造者)—coauthor(合著者,共同执笔者,合著)

exist(存在,生存)—coexist(共存)

col:(used before l) together, with

location(位置,场所)—collocation(排列,配置)

com:(used before b, m, p)together, with

passion(激情,热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯)

con:together, with

centric(中心的,中央的)—concentric(同中心的)

federation(同盟,联邦,联合,联盟)—confederation(联邦)

contra:opposite

diction(措辞,用语,言语)—contradiction(反驳,矛盾)

natural(自然的,自然界的)—contranatural(违背自然的)

cor:(used before r) together, with

relate(叙述,讲,使联系,发生关系)—correlate(使相互关联,和……相关)

respond(回答,响应,作出反应,有反应)—correspond(符合,协调,通信,相当,相应)

counter:opposite

act(担当,表现,见效)—counteract(抵消,中和,阻碍)

attack(攻击)—counterattck(反引力)

cross:across;going between the stated things and joining them

country(乡下的,乡村的,[方]祖国的,故乡的)—crosscountry(越野的,横过田野的)

breed((使)繁殖,教养,抚养,品种,种类)—crossbreed([生物]杂种,异种交配,培育杂种, (使)杂交)

de:showing an opposite; to remove; to reduce

code(代码,密码)—decode(解码,译解)

value(评价,重视)—devalue((=devaluate)减值,贬值)

dis:not; the opposite of

advantage(优势,有利条件)—disadvantage(不利,不利条件,缺点,劣势)

agree(同意)—disagree(不一致,不适宜)

honest(诚实的,正直的)—dishonest(不诚实的)

em:(used before b,m, p) to cause to become

body(赋以形体)—embody(具体表达,使具体化)

power(权力,激励)—empower(授权与,使能够)

en:to cause to become; to make

danger(威胁)—endanger(危及)

large(大的,巨大的)—enlarge(扩大,放大)

ex:former(and still living)

minister(部长,大臣)—exminister(前部长)

wife(妻子)—exwife(前妻)

extra:outside;beyond

curricular(课程的)—extracurricular(课外的,业余的)

ordinary(平常的,普通的,平凡的)—extraordinary(非常的,特别的,非凡的)

fore:in advance, before; in or at the front

arm(臂,武器,装备)—forearm(前臂,准备战斗,预先武装,准备)

warn(警告)—forewarn(预先警告)

il:(used before l) not

legal(法律的,合法)—illegal(违法的,不合规定的)

literate(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)—illiterate(违法的,不合规定的)

im:(used before b,m,p)not

moral(道德(上)的,精神的,道德)—immoral(不道德的,邪恶的,放荡的,淫荡的)

possible(可能的)—impossible(不可能的)

in:not

direct(径直的,直接的)—indirect(间接的,迂回的)

sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)—insensitive(对……没有感觉的,感觉迟钝的)

infra:below in a range; beyond

red(红(色)的)—infrared(红外线的,红外线)

structure(结构,构造)—infrastructure(下部构造,基础下部组织)

inter:between;among

change(改变,变化)—interchange((指两人等)交换,相互交换)

national(国家的,民族的)—international(国际的,世界的,国际性组织,国际比赛)

intra:inside, within;into

city(城市,都市)—intracity(市内的)

department(部,局,处,科,部门,系,学部)—intradepartment(内部)

ir:(used before r)not

regular(规则的,有秩序的)—irregular(不规则的,无规律的)

responsible(有责任的,可靠的)—irresponsible(不负责任的,不可靠的)

kilo:thousand

gram(克,)—kilogram([物]千克,公斤)

meter(米)—kilometer(公里)

macro:large, esp.concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of

particular parts of

economics(经济学)—macroeconomics(宏观经济学)

structure(宏观结构)—macrostructure(宏观结构)

mal:bad or badly

function(官能,功能,作用)—malfunction(故障)

treat(宴请,款待)—maltreat(虐待,滥用)

micro:extremely small

computer(计算机,电脑)—microcomputer(微进化)

electronics(电子学)—microelectronics([电子]微电子学)

mid:middle

day(天,白天)—midday(正午)

night(夜,夜晚)—midnight(午夜)

mini:small;short

bus(公共汽车)—minibus(小型公共汽车)

skirt(裙子)—miniskirt

(迷你短裙,超短裙)

mis:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly

fortune(运气,好运)—misfortune(不幸,灾祸)

understand(懂,了解)—misunderstand(误解,误会)

mono:one;single

plane(飞机)—monoplane(单翼机)

tone(音调,语调)—monotone(单调的,单调)

multi:more than one;many

purpose(目的,意图)—multipurpose(多种用途的,多目标的)

national(国家的,国立[有]的,民族的)—multinational(多民族的,)

non:not

resident—non()resident

sense理性,认识—nonsense(胡说,废话)

out:outside;eyond

live(活的,生动的)—outlive(比……长命,比……耐久)

door(门,通道,家,户)—outdoor(室外的,户外的,野外的)

over:too much;above; additional

head(头,头的,主要的)—overhead(在头上的,在头顶上,在空中,在高处)

time(时间,时侯,时机,)—overtime(超时,加班,延长时间,超时的,加班的,加班地,使超时)

poly:many

centric(中心的,中央的)—polycentric(多中心的)

syllabic([语]音节主音,音节的)—polysyllabic(多音节的)

post:later than;after

graduate((大学)毕业生,研究生,(使)(大学)毕业)—postgraduate(研究所学生,研究生,毕业后的)

war(战争,作战,打仗)—postwar(战后的)

pre:before;in advance

pay(薪水,工资,支付)—prepay(预付)

war(战争,作战,打仗)—prewar(战前的,在战前)

pro:in favor of, supporting

America(<美>美国,美洲(包括北美和南美洲))—proAmerica

abortion—proabortion(流产,堕胎,失败,夭折,中止,早产)

pseudo:not real;false

name(姓名)—pseudonym(假名,笔名)

science(科学,自然科学)—pseudoscience(假科学,伪科学)

re:again;back to the former state

unite(联合,团结)—reunite((使)再结合)

use(使用)—reuse(再使用,重新使用)

self:by means of oneself or itself;of, to, with, for, or in oneself or itself

employed(雇用,用,使用)—selfemployed

taught(teach的过去式和过去分词)—selftaught

semi:half;partly

circle(圆周,圆形物)—semicircle(半圆形)

final(决赛)—semifinal(半决赛)

step:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried

mother(母亲,妈妈)—stepmother(继母)

children(孩子,孩子们)—stepchildren(继子,继女)

sub:under,below;less imortant;part of the stated bigger whole

divide(分,划分,分开,隔开)—subdivide(再分,细分)

section(部分)—subsection(分部,分段)

super:more, larger, greater than usual

market(市场)—supermarket(超级市场)

natural(自然的,自然界的,普通的,正常的)—supernatural(超自然的,神奇的,超自然物,不可思议的事)

tele:at or over a long distance;by or for television communication—telecommunication

screen(屏,银幕)—telescreen(电视屏幕,荧光屏)

therm(o):concerning heat

chemistry(化学)—thermochemistry(热化学)

meter(计,表)—thermometer(温度计,体温计)

trans:across, on or to the other side of; between

Atlantic(大西洋)—transatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)

plant(种植,栽培,培养)—transplant(移植,移种)

tri:three;three times

angular(有角的)—triangular(三角形的)

cycle(自行车)—tricycle(三轮车,机器三轮车)

ultra:beyond;very, extremely

modern(近代的,现代的)—ultramodern(超现代化的)

sound(声音,语音)—ultrasound(超频率音响)

un:not

certain(确定的,必然的,可靠的)—uncertain(无常的,不确定的,不可预测的,靠不住的)

fortunate(幸运的,幸福的)—unfortunate(不幸的,使人遗憾的)

under:too little;below

develop(发展,显影)—underdevelop((使)发展不完全, (使)显影不足)

sea(海洋,大浪)—undersea(海面下的)

uni:one;single

form(形态,构成)—uniform(统一的,相同的)

directional(方向的)—unidirectional(单向的,单向性的)

vice:nextin the rank;below

chairman(主席,会长)—vicechairman(副主席,副议长)

president(总统,会长,行长)—vicepresident(副总督,副省长)

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