SectionⅠ Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.( 10 points )

Some call it the Smart Shooter, a new rifle for American infantry troops that is two weapons in one, is accurate up to 1,000 yards and in 1 fires 2 corners. Its message to enemies is that they can run but they can’t hide.

Still in the development phase, the rifle for 2006 has just been 3 off with great 4 by the Pentagon to members of Congress who will be asked to 5 the money. The makers, Alliant Techsystems, say that the weapon will revolutionize 6 combat much as the machine gun.

Pentagon jargon has given the new gun a(an) 7 title: the Objective Individual Combat Weapon. 8 one trigger, the rifle can fire a standard 5-56mm Nato bullet and a 20mm high explosive shell that will burst in the air. It can 9 shrapnel behind, 10 or even from the side of enemy troops who have taken 11 behind a building. The shell can be 12 to explode after a short delay. The weapon’s 1,000 yard accuracy is twice 13 of other rifles, made possible by a laser system built into the sight. This rangefinder fixes the target, measures the distance and passes it along to a computer chip in the shell.

The gunsight has an infrared lens for night 14. It can also have video camera with a zoom lens that is linked to a video display attached to the soldier’s helmet, allowing him to aim 15 without exposing himself to enemy return fire. But there are snags still be 16 out. Two men were 17 when a shell burst in a barrel during firing tests. The rifle weighs more than 181b. There are questions whether its electronic innards will be rugged enough for rain, snow and difficult 18.

Michael Klare, a professor of peace and world security issues and a board member of the Arms Control Association, says that the Pentagon is seeking this combination of firepower and automation to compensate for the uncertain aim of GIs. He said: "Soldiers won’t have to worry about careful steady aim. They’ll just look 19 the viewfinder and 20 the trigger."

1A reality B affect C effect D operation

2AatBinCbeyondDaround

3AputBshownCcheckedDgiven

4AprideBanxietyChonorDexpectation

5Aput upBcount inCpay forDlook for

6ALandBbrilliantCpowerfulDawkward

8AUsedBFixedCUsingDFixing

9AsprayBspatterCsplashDsprinkle

10AoverBonCaboveDupon

11AaimBcoverCrisksDheed

12AestimatedBcalculatedCseededDtimed

13AasBthatCthanDmuch

14AvisionBsightCobservationDspeculation

15AexactlyBpreciselyCaccuratelyDcorrectly

16AremovedBironedCmadeDdrawn

17AinjuredBhurtCharmedDwounded

18AterrainBdomainCfieldDterritory

19AatBoverCintoDthrough

20ApushBpullCpressDjerk

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1(40 points)

Text 1

It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inconsiderate drive, but nowadays the well men neared motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a "Be kind to Other Drivers" campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.

Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes along way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.

However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.

A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of boatmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give and take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.

21According to the first paragraph, which of the following reflects the situation on the roads?

ATraffic Jams are mainly caused by the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life.

BThe manners of the drivers are the only reason for the traffic jams.

C"Be kind to other drivers" is a campaign to change the rude drive.

DPeople can not tolerate good manners on the road.

22The author argues that road politeness .

Acan better the traffic unconditionally

Bcalls for a driver’s cool-headed and good-tempered personality

Ccan be found after the modern traffic conditions stand up

Dare acknowledged by most drivers

23Which of the following does NOT illustrate misplaced politeness?

AEncouraging old ladies to cross the road at any time they want.

BBraking suddenly to allow a car to emerge from a side street.

CA motorist driving into traffic streams without considering others.

DWaving a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles.

24According to the experts, facing the car-ownership explosion, we should .

Abe more considerate yield to each other

Bcommunicate with each other more often

Chave a cool head and good temper

Davoid misplaced politeness

25The author’s attitude towards road politeness seems to be .

AsuspiciousBindifferentCironicalDobjective

Text 2

In the warm enclosed waters of farm ponds, conditions are very likely to be lethal for fish when insecticides are applied in the vicinity. As many examples show, the poison is carried in by rains and runoff from surrounding lands. Sometimes the ponds receive not only contaminated runoff but also a direct dose as rop dusting pilots neglect to shut off the duster in passing over a pond. Even without such complications, normal agricultural use subjects fish to far heavier concentrations of chemicals than would be require to kill them. In other words a marked reduction in the enclosure nets used would hardly change the lethal situation, for applications of over 0.1 pound per acre to the pond itself are generally considered hazardous. And the poison, once introduced is hard to get rid of. One pond that has been treated with DDT (杀虫剂) to remove unwanted shiners remained poisonous through repeated drainings and flushings that it killed 94 percent of the sun fish with which it was later stocked. Apparently the chemical remained in the mud of the pond bottom.

Conditions are evidently no better now than when the modern insecticides first came into use. The Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation Department stated in 1961 that reports of fish losses in farm ponds and small lakes had been coming in at the rate of at least one a week, and that such reports were increasing. The conditions usually responsible for these losses in Oklahoma were those made familiar by repetition over the years: the application of insecticides to crops, heavy rain, and poison washed into the ponds.

In some parts of the world the cultivation of fish in ponds provides an in dispensable source of food. In such places the use of insecticides without regard for the effects of fish creates immediate problems. In Rhodesia, for example, the young of an important African food fish are killed by exposure to only 0.04 parts per million of DDT in shallow pools. Even smaller doses of many other insecticides would be lethal. The shallow waters in which these fish live are favorable mosquito-breeding places. The problem of controlling mosquitoes and at the same time conserving a fish important in the Central African diet has obviously not been solved satisfactorily.

26.The author’s tone in this passage can be best described as .

AreportorialBsarcastic

CcondemnatoryDmournful

27.According to the passage, the one factor that is not responsible for the presence of insecticides in ponds is .

Athe weather bringing in rains

Bhuman error in crop-dusting

Ccommon farming methods

Dindustrialization use of chemicals

28.The author uses the case of the Rhodesian fish in order to .

Ashow the harmful effects of killing fish

Bprove that problems are the same everywhere

Cshow that fish is an indispensable source in diet

Dconsider the problem of controlling mosquitoes

29. In this passage, what the author does not do is .

Astate a problemBgive examples

Cpropose a solutionDrelate causes

30.The last sentence of this passage means that .

Ayou can not control mosquitoes if you want to conserve an important fish

Byou can not conserve an important fish if you want to control mosquitoes

Cthe Central Africans will have no fish to eat if this fish can’t be protected properly

Dit is not so easy and satisfactory to solve these two problems at the same time

24According to the experts, facing the car-ownership explosion, we should .

Abe more considerate yield to each other

Bcommunicate with each other more often

Chave a cool head and good temper

Davoid misplaced politeness

25The author’s attitude towards road politeness seems to be .

AsuspiciousBindifferentCironicalDobjective

Text 2

In the warm enclosed waters of farm ponds, conditions are very likely to be lethal for fish when insecticides are applied in the vicinity. As many examples show, the poison is carried in by rains and runoff from surrounding lands. Sometimes the ponds receive not only contaminated runoff but also a direct dose as rop dusting pilots neglect to shut off the duster in passing over a pond. Even without such complications, normal agricultural use subjects fish to far heavier concentrations of chemicals than would be require to kill them. In other words a marked reduction in the enclosure nets used would hardly change the lethal situation, for applications of over 0.1 pound per acre to the pond itself are generally considered hazardous. And the poison, once introduced is hard to get rid of. One pond that has been treated with DDT (杀虫剂) to remove unwanted shiners remained poisonous through repeated drainings and flushings that it killed 94 percent of the sun fish with which it was later stocked. Apparently the chemical remained in the mud of the pond bottom.

Conditions are evidently no better now than when the modern insecticides first came into use. The Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation Department stated in 1961 that reports of fish losses in farm ponds and small lakes had been coming in at the rate of at least one a week, and that such reports were increasing. The conditions usually responsible for these losses in Oklahoma were those made familiar by repetition over the years: the application of insecticides to crops, heavy rain, and poison washed into the ponds.

In some parts of the world the cultivation of fish in ponds provides an in dispensable source of food. In such places the use of insecticides without regard for the effects of fish creates immediate problems. In Rhodesia, for example, the young of an important African food fish are killed by exposure to only 0.04 parts per million of DDT in shallow pools. Even smaller doses of many other insecticides would be lethal. The shallow waters in which these fish live are favorable mosquito-breeding places. The problem of controlling mosquitoes and at the same time conserving a fish important in the Central African diet has obviously not been solved satisfactorily.

26.The author’s tone in this passage can be best described as .

AreportorialBsarcastic

CcondemnatoryDmournful

27.According to the passage, the one factor that is not responsible for the presence of insecticides in ponds is .

Athe weather bringing in rains

Bhuman error in crop-dusting

Ccommon farming methods

Dindustrialization use of chemicals

28.The author uses the case of the Rhodesian fish in order to .

Ashow the harmful effects of killing fish

Bprove that problems are the same everywhere

Cshow that fish is an indispensable source in diet

Dconsider the problem of controlling mosquitoes

29. In this passage, what the author does not do is .

Astate a problemBgive examples

Cpropose a solutionDrelate causes

30.The last sentence of this passage means that .

Ayou can not control mosquitoes if you want to conserve an important fish

Byou can not conserve an important fish if you want to control mosquitoes

Cthe Central Africans will have no fish to eat if this fish can’t be protected properly

Dit is not so easy and satisfactory to solve these two problems at the same time

Text 3

The term "joint international business venture", joint venture for short, has come to mean many things to many people. It sometimes is taken to mean any joint relationship between one or more foreign firms and one or more local firms. Such a broad definition is excluded here. Joint venture will be taken to mean joint ownership of an operation in which at least one of the partners is foreign based.

Joint ventures can take many forms. A foreign firm may take a majority share, a minority share, or an equal share in ownership. While it is not necessary to have financial control or to have operating control, some firms refuse to use the joint venture form if it is not possible to have a majority position in ownership. There are firms that have few qualms about holding minority position, however, so long as they can have operating control. They achieve this through technical-aid, management, or supply contracts.

It should be recognized that maintaining operating control is sometimes difficult if one does not have financial control too. Objectives of the participants may diverge; when they do,financial control becomes important. Management may wish to reinvest earnings while the majority of the board may wish earnings distributed as dividends. Unless policy issues of this kind can be settled amicably, lack of financial control can prove to be very unsatisfactory, if not fatal.

Many joint ventures emerge as matters of necessity: that is, no single firm is willing to assume the risks entailed, while a consortium of firms is. Large, capital-intensive, long-lived investments are natural candidates for the joint venture. Exploitation of resource deposits often is done by a consortium of several petroleum or mining firms. Roles are parceled out even though each phase of the operation is owned jointly. One firm does the actual mining, another provides transportation, and still another does the refining and extraction. There is a wide variety of combinations.

Also the joint venture can pose problems, especially if it is an enforced marriage of partners. For many ventures in small countries, it is difficult to find a suitable local partner, that is, one with sufficient capital and know how to be able to contribute to the partnership. In some developing countries, a small handful of families control the entire locally-owned part of the industrial structure. Under these circumstances, a joint venture merely insulates them further from independent, foreign-owned plants that would compete against them. For this and other reasons, the only suitable partner may end up being the government itself. Most multinational firms, however, shy away from such arrangements where possible.

31The phrase "joint venture" mentioned in the first paragraph refers to .

A.any joint relationship between one foreign firm and one local firm

B.any joint relationship between foreign firms

C.joint ownership of an operation in which at least one of the partners is foreign based

D.all of the above

32 The word "qualms" in the second paragraph may have the equal meaning with .

A.abilitiesB.worriesC.possibilitiesD.limits

33 According to the author, which of the following is most important?

A.Majority position.B.Operating control.

C.Financial control.D.Support of the government.

34 Which of the following is not the advantages of the joint venture?

A.It can assume more risks.

B.It may gather more capital.

C.Large and long-lived investment can be carried out.

D.The partners will make concerted efforts towards one target.

35 Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. A foreign firm often takes a majority share in a joint venture.

B.Lack of financial control may be fatal to a firm participating in joint venture.

C.Joint venture is very helpful to developing countries.

D.Government is the best partner in a joint venture.

Text 4

In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-way mirror the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun’s rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping.

According to a weather expert’s prediction, the atmosphere will be 3°C warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several metres and severely flooding coastal cities. Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere, possibly resulting in an alteration of the earth’s chief food-growing zones.

In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming: in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.

Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.

However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere, where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?

One possibility is the variable behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and cold spots (that is, the relatively less hot spots) on the sun.As the sun rotates, every 27.5 days, it presents hotter or ’colder’ faces to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth’s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also variable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward.

Scientists are now finding mutual relations between models of solar-weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia(惯性)of the earth’s climate. If this is right, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counter-balance to the sun’s diminishing heat.

36.It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would .

A.prevent the sun’s rays from reaching the earth’s surface

B.mean a warming up in the Antarctic

C.account for great changes in the climate in the northern hemisphere

D.raise the temperature of the earth’s surface

37.The article was written to explain .

A.the greenhouse effect

B.the solar effects on the earth

C.the models of solar-weather interactions

D.the causes affecting weather

38.Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northern hemisphere, temperatures there seem to be falling. This is .

A.mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising

B.possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting

C.exclusively due to the effect of the inertia of the earth’s climate

D.partly due to variations in the output of solar energy

39.On the basis of their models, scientists are of the opinion that .

A.the climate of the world should be becoming cooler

B.it will take thousands of years for the inertia of the earth’s climate to take effect

C.the man-made warming effect helps to increase the solar effects

D.the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect

40.If the assumption about the delay of a new Ice Age is correct, .

A.the best way to overcome the cooling effect would be to burn more fuels

B.ice would soon cover the northern hemisphere

C.the increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could warm up the earth even more quickly

D.the greenhouse effect could work to the advantage of the earth

Part B

Directions:

In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.

I remember one night a few years ago when my daughter was frantic with worry. After my Harvard Extension School classes, I usually arrived at the bus station near my home by 11 p.m., but on that night I was nowhere to be found. My daughter was nervous. It wasn’t safe for a single woman to walk alone on the streets at night, especially one as defenseless as I am: I can slay a mugger with my sharp wit, but I m just too short to do any real physical damage.

That night my daughter checked the bus station, drove around the streets, and contacted some friends. But she couldn’t find me - until she called my astronomy professor who told her that I was on top of the Science Center using the telescope to gaze at the stars. Unaware of the time, I had gotten lost in the heavens and was only thinking about the new things I had learned that night in class.

This story illustrates a habit I have developed over the years: I lose track of the time when it comes to learning. 41)___________________________.I may have started late, but I will continue to learn as long as I am able because there is no greater feeling, in my opinion, than traveling to a faraway country as I have and being able to identify by sight the painting of a famous artist, the statue of an obscure sculptor, the cathedral of an ancient architect. 42)_________________________________________. So I will continue to take classes and tell my story.

Lately it seems that everyone is asking me, "Mary, what advice do you have for other students?" So while I have you all here, I m going to ease my burden of answering you each individually:

43)______________________________________________________________.So listen to me when I tell you this: Knowledge is power.

My studies were interrupted when I was in the 7th grade, back sometime around World War I. I loved school but I was forced to leave it to care for my family. I was consigned to work in a Rhode Island cotton mill, where I labored for many years. I eventually married and raised 5 children, 20 grandchildren, and 18 great-grandchildren. But all the while I felt inferior to those around me. I knew I was as smart as a college graduate. I knew I was capable of doing a job well -- I had proved it by running a successful family business for decades that still exists. But I wanted more. I wanted to feel confident when I spoke and I wanted people to respect my opinions.

Does it surprise you to discover how much you have in common with an 89-year-old woman? 44)_____________________________________________________.

45)____________________________________________________.That belief is what has motivated me for the last 75 years to get this degree. It is also the mission of the Harvard Extension School. Without the support I received from this school, I might not have graduated until I was 100 -- a phrase that many of you have probably used in jest.

[A]If the saying is true that wisdom comes with age, you may safely assume that I am one of the wisest people in this hall and possibly at this university today.

[B]I know that many of you graduates today, whether you were born in 1907 or 1967, have faced similar barriers to completing your studies and have sometimes felt inferior around those you work or socialize with just because you didn’t have a degree.

[C]If you have treated education as your main goal, and not as a means to an end, then you, too, have probably been claimed as a missing person once in your academic career, whether you were lost in the stars or the stacks of Widener Library.

[D]But I am here today -- like you are -- to prove that it can be done; that the power gained by understanding and appreciating the world around us can be obtained by anyone regardless of social status, personal challenges, or age.

[E]How else do you explain a woman who began high school at age 71 and who is graduating with a bachelor s degree at 89?

[F]And you, too, know that the journey was worth it, and that the power of knowledge makes me the most formidable 89-year-old woman at the bus stop.

[G]I have found that the world is a final exam that you can never be prepared enough for.

Part C

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on the Answer Sheet 2.(10 points)

The chief US negotiator, Trade Representative Charlene Barshefsky, described the deal as "profoundly important", "absolutely comprehensive" and an excellent one for American business.

46)At a meeting with Ms. Barshefsky yesterday afternoon, president Jiang Zemin called the deal as "good, historic and realistic", and a win-win for both sides, which showed that both countries saw the issue from a strategic viewpoint.

47)China’s entry into the WTO will have profound ramifications (分支、分派) for the country. Binding her to international trading rules and encouraging foreign firms to invest by providing a system less based on rule by the idiosyncrasies (特性) of an official and more on transparent laws and regulations.

48)It will accelerate a process of closing money-losing and over-manned state companies and moving labor and capital into market-driven businesses. In the short term, it will drive up unemployment as inefficient, capital-intensive state industries shed labor and shut down.

It also marks a vital political victory for Prime Minister Zhu Rongji, the main proponent, along with Mr. Jiang, of China’s membership, who offered a similar deal in Washington in April.

The NATO bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, froze negotiations from May until September.

49)For Mr. Zhu, WTO membership will serve as a motor for reform of state companies, banking, insurance, securities and other industries.

At a news conference just before she left China, Ms. Barshefsky said the support of the two presidents had been crucial. Presidents Bill Clinton and Jiang Zemin met in Auckland and agreed to put the talks back on track, with a deadline of the next round of WTO talks that will begin in Seattle on November 30.

Ms. Barshefsky, full of energy despite the six-day marathon, presented the agreement’s main details. Overall tariffs will fall to an average of about 17 per cent and on farm goods to 14.5 per cent or 15 per cent, while China will make significant liberalization on importing such goods, especially wheat, corn, cotton and other bulk commodities.

50)China will eliminate non-tariff quotas within five years, some in two to three years. It will cut tariffs on imported cars from the current 80-100 per cent to 25 per cent by 2006 and allow foreign financial institutions to finance the purchase of cars.

Section Ⅲ Writing

Part A

51.Directions:

You are supposed to be a secretary who is going to notify the staff of a short tour at the weekend organized by the company. The memo should include:

1)a brief introduction to the tour site or activities to take

2)time and place to get together

3)items to bring and something to note

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name in the memo. Use "Jane Green" instead. (10 points)

Part B

52.Directions:

Please write an essay on the topic "Internet, Society and Our Lives".

You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

答案

SectionⅠUse of English

1Ceffect

in effect为固定词组，意思是"实际上，事实上"。

2Daround

根据后一句："它给敌人的信息是他们可以逃跑，但无法躲藏"，可推出这种新式步枪能够绕开障碍，所以应选D项around.

3Bshown

A项put off"推迟；阻止"。B项show off"炫耀，卖弄"。C项check off"查对；验证"。D项give off"散发出"。

根据题意："五角大楼极为自豪地向国会议员展示了它"，show off最合题意。

4Apride

与show off相对应的应该是with great pride.

5Aput up

A项put up提供一笔钱（做一事业）。例如：

I’ll supply the skill and knowledge if you’ll put up the capital.如果你提供资金，我就提供技术和知识。

B项count in"包括；把……算入"

C项pay for"付款"。例如：

pay for the bill付帐单。

D项look for"寻找"。

根据题意：五角大楼向国会议员展示这一新型武器的目的是希望他们提供资金。

6BGround

ground combat"地面作战"。

7Dawkward

这种武器被称为"目标个人作战武器"，显得十分蹩脚，所以选D项awkward.

novel （新颖的）、brilliant （有才气的，显赫的）、powerful （有力量的）均不合题意。

8Cusing

这里考查的是非谓语动词，the rifle是use的施动者，所以用 ing形式。

9Aspray

这句话的意思是"它能够从后方喷射榴霰弹"。

spray意为"向……喷射"；spatter意为"泼，溅，诽谤"；splash意为"溅湿，涉水"；sprinkle意为"撒，洒"，所以A项spray最合题意。

10Cabove

over表示在垂直的上方；on和upon表示在表面上；above泛指在某物的上方。

11Bcover

A项take aim"瞄准"。

B项take cover"利用掩护物将自己隐藏起来"。例如：

There was nowhere where we could take cover.我们没有藏身之地。

C项take risks"冒险"。

D项take heed"注意"。

12Dtimed

time作动词，意思是"计算时间，控制时间"。

13Bthat

that在这里作代词，指代accuracy.

14Avision

night vision是指"夜间视力"。

全句的意思是"射击瞄准器装有用于夜间视力的红外线镜头"。

15Caccurately

射击精度一般用accuracy，其副词为accurately.

16Bironed

iron out为固定搭配，意思是"消除"，如：iron out misunderstandings消除误会。

remove为及物动词。

make out意思是"开出，辨认出；理解"，如：I could not make out what he meant.我不能理解他的意思。

draw out意思是"取出；使吐露其情感"。例如：

He has many interesting stories of his travels if you can draw him out.如果你能说动他，他有许多旅行中有趣的故事可以讲给你听。

17Ainjured

A项injured多指意外事故所受的伤。B项hurt多指感情受到伤害。C项harm指"损伤，伤害"。D项wound尤指受攻击所受的伤。例如：

He was wounded in the battle field.他在战场上受了伤。

18Aterrain

A项terrain"地带，地域；地形"。B项domain"版图；知识，领域；产业"。C项field"田地；领域"。D项territory"领土，版图"。

difficult terrain指"崎岖的地形"。

19Dthrough

look through the viewfinder的意思是"透过瞄准装置显示"。look at指单纯地"看"。look over指"（医生）检查"。look into指"窥视；调查；过问"。如：look into a question调查一个问题。

20Bpull

A项push"推；推动"。B项pull"拉"。C项press"按"。D项jerk"猛拉（推；突然发言）"。

"扣动扳机"一般用pull the trigger.

SectionⅡReading Comprehension

Part A

Text 1

词语注释

monster怪物、畸形的人brake煞车

hazard危险、冒险、孤注一掷veteran经验丰富的、老资格的、经常使用的

文章概要

本文主要讲述了交通问题的缘起及解决办法。

Para.1：司机们的驾驶方式让人担忧，必须加以改变。

Para.2：互谅互让，文明驾驶可以有效缓解交通问题。

Para.3：不加分辨，滥用礼貌也会带来灾难。

Para.4：再次强调要文明驾驶。

答案点评

21C文章第一段末句。选项A片面，文章第一段第一句表明快节奏的现代生活只是原因之一。选项B片面，选项D没有正确理解第一段第四句"You might tolerate…to the rule"该句表明彬彬有礼的司机目前并不常见。

22B文章第二段第二句"It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior."在遇到不文明的行为时，司机需要头脑冷静，心境平和，才不致于以粗暴还粗暴。而A项的"道路礼貌不论何时都能有助缓和交通状况"则是片面的，文中第三段就讲到了滥用礼貌的危险。C项颠倒了方法与结果，只有具备了礼貌才能建立起文明的现代交通状况，而不是相反。D项错误，并非大多数司机都能遵循道路礼貌原则。

23C文章第三段讲滥用礼貌的危险之处，选项A、B、D均在文中出现，选项C为不懂礼貌的表现。

24A文章第四段第三句"Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users."该句表明，专家警告我们面对汽车的爆炸式增长，司机更应当互相体谅。选项B、C、D专家并没有提到。

25D作者对交通礼貌的态度是客观的，文章表明作者既提倡交通礼貌，又反对滥用礼貌。

A怀疑，B冷漠，C讽刺均不合题意。Text 2

词语注释

lethal a.致死的，致命的vicinity n.附近；邻近；附近地区；近邻

insecticide n.杀虫药剂

文章概要

Para.1：养鱼水质被污染的情况。

Para.2：现在水质的下降及主要原因。

Para.3：杀虫剂的滥用，在许多以鱼为必须食品的地区，有很大的不利影响。

答案点评

26.A作者语言基本上是客观的，介绍性的。

27.Drains、crop-dusting、farming都在第一段中提到了，化学工业用品却未提到。

28.A作者第三段举例说明了此类问题的严重危害。

29.C在文中，作者陈述了问题，举例分析了原因，但并未提供解决方案。

30.D最后一句话的意思是控制蚊害和保护鱼种不可兼得，无法同时顾及。

Text 3

词语注释

exclude排除

qualm疑虑，担心

objective目的，目标

dividend股息

amicably友好地，温和地

entail使负担

consortium合伙

parcel out分配，把……分成若干部分

insulate孤立

shy away from （因害怕、厌恶或缺乏自信而）回避，避开，退缩

文章概要

文章介绍了合资公司的运营方式。

Para.1：合资公司的含义。

Para.2：合资公司的股权。

Para.3：合资公司的财务控制权。

Para.4：合资公司的合作方式。

Para.5：合资公司的合作伙伴。

答案点评

31C本文虽在开头指出"joint venture"可能有多种理解，但接着指出"such a broad definition is excluded here"，第一段最后一句指出了在本文中"joint venture"的含义，即C.

32B前面一句作者指出："在不能占多数股份的情况下，一些公司不愿意采取合资公司的形式，因为既没有财务管理权也没有经营管理权"。然后在本句进行转折"也有一些公司不在乎拥有少数股份，当然，这是在它们已拥有了经营管理权的前提下。"可见这里与"qualms"最相近的同义词是B"worries"。

33C从第二段的"There are firms that have few qualms about holding minority position, however, so long as they can have operating control"可见"operating control"比"minority position"重要，而下一段又进一步指出"maintaining operating control is sometimes difficult if one does not have financial control too"可见"financial control"最重要。

34D选项A、B、C从原文中都可找到，而D合伙者会齐心协力朝同一目标前进，是不对的，因为文中第三段指出"objectives of the participants may diverge."

35B选项A可由"A foreign firm may take a majority share, or an equal share in ownership"否定。B是正确的，由第三段最后一句可以看出。由最后一段的举例可知，在有些发展中国家里，办合资公司并不合适，因此C不正确。最后一段中"For this and other reasons, the only suitable partner may end up being the government itself"，并不是说政府是最佳合作伙伴，而是说根本没有其他的合作者，只有自己来管理经营，这从最后一句也可看出，因此D也是错误的。

Text 4

词语注释

atmospheric a.大气的，空气的；大气所引起的

hemisphere（地球或天球的）半球

exceed vt.超过、胜过；越出

considerable a.值得考虑的、重要的；相当大的、很大的

distribution n.分发，分配，分布

circulation n.循环、环流运行；流通传播、发行

variable a.易变的，常变的、反复不定的

interaction n.相互作用、相互影响

文章概要

Para.1：二氧化碳带来温室效应。

Para.2：地球温度上升带来的一系列恶果。

Para.3：南极洲比北冰洋更易受地球温度升高的影响而融化。

Para.4：卫星图片的例证，地球正在升温，二氧化碳确有温室效应。

Para.5：自然的作用比人为的影响大。

Para.6：太阳运转变化的影响。

Para.7：太阳和天气的互动关系模型及对二氧化碳的新思考。

答案点评

36D根据文章第一段的最后一句话"carbon dioxide…prevents the heat from escaping"，及第四段最后两句话，"The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place.This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth"。A选项内容与文章内容相反（见文章的第一段第一句）；B的内容不准确；C的内容与原文所说正相反，carbon dioxide会使大气温度上升，但事实上气温却在降低，所以是无法用carbon dioxide来解释北半球气温变化的。因此，本题的正确答案是D.

37D根据文章，作者主要探讨了两种对大气温度变化产生影响的原因--人为因素和自然因素。若以人为原因为主，现在的大气温度应比以前更高，但事实上相反，大气温度似乎在下降；若以自然原因为主，现在应该进入一个新的Ice Age，但是又没有，说明carbon dioxide与solar effects在相互影响着大气的温度，因此，所给的四个选项中，只有D全面表达了文章所要说的内容，即解释影响天气的原因。

38D北半球的carbon dioxide的浓度较高，按理说这半球的温度更高才对，但是情况正相反，说明有carbon dioxide以外的其他因素也影响大气温度的变化。作者在第六段末尾指出：its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward.在第七段作者又说，根据太阳天气交互作用模型现在应该是一个新的冰期时代的开始，但实际上又不是，说明大气中不断上升的carbon dioxide浓度又使得气温中不断消失的太阳热量得以平衡。因此，本题正确答案是D.A所导致的结果与原文所要探讨的正好相反；B与原文内容无关；C说的太绝对，如果果真如此的话，现在应该已进入新的Ice Age了！

39A根据文章的第七段的第二句话，"…that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age"，说明科学家认为气候应该变得更冷。因此本题目的正确答案是A.B所表达的内容与原文不符，C所表达的内容与原文正相反（counter-balance to the Sun’s diminishing heat），D的内容与文章中论述models表明的情况无关。

40D本题属其他方式提问的问题。短文的最后两句话说："解决这一理论难题的方法之一就是假定：当太阳效应控制地球气候的惯性时就使冰河时代的出现推迟了几千年。如果这个假设是正确的，那么二氧化碳的温室效应就可能对正在减少的太阳热起到有用的平衡作用。"这与D答案中的"温室效应有利于地球"意思相吻合，故应选D答案。A的内容在原文中未涉及；B与原文正相反；C的内容与原文表达的内容不符。

Part B

答案解析

41.E上文说的是这个故事说明我这些年形成了一个习惯，即在学习时失去时间概念。E项是对此的承接，意为除此之外还能怎么解释她的行为呢，也就是说上文是对她在故事中的行为的解释，符合逻辑。

42.G上文说的是她在国外旅游时欣赏绘画、雕塑、建筑，G项中the world正是与之呼应，是她游历后的体会。

43.A本文是一篇演讲稿，本段以幽默的"倚老卖老"引出演讲的中心内容，符合语境。从行文语气不难判断。

44.B上文说的是作为听众的年轻人与她这个老人有共同点，而B项的face similar barriers具有很强的提示性作用，讲的同样是他们之间的共同点。

45.D从下文That belief可判断，此处讲的是一个激励她的信念。从与上文的顺承看，D恰当，意为无论处于什么社会地位和年龄的人都可以因理解我们所处的世界而获得力量。

文章大意：本文是一位89岁才毕业哈佛大学的老人的演讲稿，她讲述了自己的求学经历并告诫青年学生，知识就是力量，不因地位、年龄而异。

Part C

参考译文

46.昨天下午会见巴尔舍夫斯基女士时，江泽民主席称该协议是"好的，具有历史意义和现实意义的"，而且对双方来说是一个双赢的协议。它表明两国都是从战略的高度来审视这一问题的。

47.中国加入世贸组织将对其自身产生深远影响--通过提供一套更少由官员个人喜好而左右、更多建立在透明的法律法规之上的制度，使自己接受国际贸易规则的约束并鼓励国外公司的投资。

48.它将加速关闭亏损和冗员的国有企业的进程，促进劳动力和资本加速流向受市场驱动的企业。短期内，因低效、资本密集型的国有工业的裁员和停产，失业现象也将加剧。

49.对朱总理来说，世贸组织成员资格将成为国有公司、银行业、保险业、证券业及其他行业改革的动力。

50.中国将在五年内消除关税配额，其中一些将在两年到三年内解除。这将使进口汽车的关税从目前的80%-100%减至2006年的25%，并允许国外金融机构为购车提供资金。

Section Ⅲ Writing

参考作文

51.

Memo

To: Staff

From: Jane Green （Manager’s secretary）

Date: April, 4th, 2004

REF: 77/96

The Weekend Tour to Yeshanpo

The company is organizing a weekend tour to Yeshanpo. Yeshanpo is in Hebei Province. It’s 3 hours from Beijing by bus. The company has already planned several activities, including riding a horse, visiting the limestone cave, and lighting campfire in the evening. We would stay in the native’s and enjoy local dishes at their house the next day.

Everyone is welcome and encouraged to go. For those who would like to go, please meet at 8 o’clock in the morning, Saturday, at the gate of this building. We are planned to back to Beijing at 7 p.m. the next day.

The tour is at the company’s expense. Bring thick clothes please. It’s chilly in the evening.

52.

Internet, society and our lives

There is increasing concern that those unable to use and access new technologies will be marginalized from all aspects of economic and social activity. Internet has become an essential and powerful influence on our everyday lives. However, if used improperly, Internet can put us at risks too.

The Internet is a wonderful source from which we can retrieve valuable information. Moreover, it facilitates our communication with people far away from us at a cost substantially less than that of traditional means of communication. Also, it can be an important building block to children’s learning because vast amount of information is only clicks away. There is evidence suggesting that computer use is linked to slightly better academic performance.

However, we have sufficient evidence indicating that the Internet can be a harmful influence on people. For examples addictive power has increased children and youngsters’ time spent in front of the computer screens at the expense of other healthier physical activities, thus increasing their chance of getting overweight and short-sighted. In addition, children have limited ability of telling right from wrong and therefore are subject to the potential contaminating influence of the harmful materials on the Internet.

In short, the negative influence of the internet should be minimized by diverting people’s, especially young people’s,interest to other areas of life. Like every other thing, Internet is like a coin that has two sides. We must realize its harmful potentials while making use of it to achieve a better and more meaningful life.